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Memory consolidation was first referred to in the writings of the renowned Roman teacher of rhetoric Quintillian.He noted the "curious fact... that the interval of a single night will greatly increase the strength of the memory," and presented the possibility that "... the power of recollection .. undergoes a process of ripening and maturing during the time which intervenes."
In psychology, multiple trace theory is a memory consolidation model advanced as an alternative model to strength theory.It posits that each time some information is presented to a person, it is neurally encoded in a unique memory trace composed of a combination of its attributes. [1]
Young woman asleep over study materials. The relationship between sleep and memory has been studied since at least the early 19th century.Memory, the cognitive process of storing and retrieving past experiences, learning and recognition, [1] is a product of brain plasticity, the structural changes within synapses that create associations between stimuli.
The involvement of arginine and nitric oxide in memory consolidation has been confirmed in birds, mammals and other creatures, including humans. [48] Glial cells have also an important role in memory formation, although how they do their work remains to be unveiled. [49] [50] Other mechanisms for memory consolidation can not be discarded.
Explicit memory (or declarative memory) is one of the two main types of long-term human memory, the other of which is implicit memory. Explicit memory is the conscious , intentional recollection of factual information, previous experiences, and concepts. [ 1 ]
Sleep differentially affected the memory consolidation of the two lists, enhancing the memory for the first list more significantly. [7] It has been suggested that the degree of initial learning predicts whether spontaneous recovery shall occur, stating that the better the learning of the A-B associations, the more likely they are to recover ...
Researchers have hypothesized that sleep deprivation interferes with the normal reduction in levels of 5-HT, impairing the process of memory consolidation. [48] Another theory suggests that the stress brought on by sleep deprivation affects memory consolidation by changing the concentration of corticosteroids in the body.
[3] [4] An extra-hippocampal structure, the septum, initiates and regulates the theta rhythm and its associated memory processes. GABAergic activity within the septum inhibits certain classes of CA3 cells (a region of the hippocampus), the divide often drawn between basket cells, pyramidal cells, and interneurons, to distinguish encoding from ...