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Questions have also been raised whether ethanol (grain alcohol) increases autism risk, as part of fetal alcohol syndrome or alcohol-related birth defects. [76] All known teratogens appear to act during the first eight weeks from conception, and though this does not exclude the possibility that autism can be initiated or affected later, it is ...
Alcohol-related brain damage [1] [2] alters both the structure and function of the brain as a result of the direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol intoxication or acute alcohol withdrawal. Increased alcohol intake is associated with damage to brain regions including the frontal lobe , [ 3 ] limbic system , and cerebellum , [ 4 ] with widespread ...
[2] [19] [71] [72] Functional impairments are deficits, problems, delays, or abnormalities due to prenatal alcohol exposure (rather than hereditary causes or postnatal insults) in observable and measurable domains related to daily functioning, often referred to as developmental disabilities.
People with fibromyalgia can also experience insomnia [10] and general hypersensitivity. [11] [12] The causes of fibromyalgia are unknown, with several pathophysiologies proposed. Fibromyalgia was first defined in 1990, with updated criteria in 2011, [4] 2016, [9] and 2019. [12] Fibromyalgia is estimated to affect 2 to 4% of the population. [13]
Functional somatic syndrome (FSS) is any of a group of chronic diagnoses with no identifiable organic cause.This term was coined by Hemanth Samkumar. [citation needed] It encompasses disorders such as fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, temporomandibular disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, [1] lower back pain, tension headache, atypical face pain, non-cardiac chest pain, insomnia ...
Some people may experience frequent falls and gait unsteadiness due to ataxia. This ataxia may be caused by cerebellar degeneration, sensory ataxia, or distal muscle weakness. [ 4 ] Over time, alcoholic polyneuropathy may also cause difficulty swallowing ( dysphagia ), speech impairment ( disarthria ), muscle spasms , and muscle atrophy .
Approximately 8 in 10 people with autism have a mental health problem in their lifetime, in comparison to 1 in 4 of the general population. [132] [133] [134] A 2019 meta-analysis found autistic people to be four times more likely to have depression than non-autistic people, with approximately 40% of autistic adults having depression. [135]
Since the consumption of alcohol is necessary to develop alcoholism, the availability of and attitudes towards alcohol in an individual's environment affect their likelihood of developing the disease. Current evidence indicates that in both men and women, alcoholism is 50–60% genetically determined, leaving 40-50% for environmental influences ...