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Emperor Gaozu of Tang (7 April 566 [2] – 25 June 635), [3] born Li Yuan, courtesy name Shude, was the founding emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 618 to 626. Under the Sui dynasty, Li Yuan was the governor in the area of modern-day Shanxi, and was based in Taiyuan. In 615, Li Yuan was assigned to garrison Longxi.
The Tang dynasty was interrupted by the reign of Empress Wu Zetian (AD 690–705), who after deposing her sons, declared herself the founder of a Wu Zhou dynasty (武周); the Tang dynasty was resumed by her sons following her abdication. The dynasty was named for the family title: the Li (李) family were the Dukes of Tang.
Li Yuan's control of the Chang'an region became almost immediately contested by the rebel ruler Xue Ju, the Emperor of Qin, who sent his son Xue Rengao toward Chang'an. Li Yuan sent Li Shimin to resist Xue Rengao, and Li Shimin defeated Xue Rengao at Fufeng (in modern Baoji, Shaanxi), temporarily causing Xue Ju to toy with the idea of ...
After the establishment of the Tang dynasty, he was posthumously created Prince Huai of Wei. He died sonless, so Li Tai, son of his elder brother Li Shimin, was created his heir as Prince of Yingdu (宜都王) in 621. When Li Shimin became emperor, he re-designated Li Tai as his own son and created another clansman Li Baoding as heir to Li Xuanba.
They had four sons, Li Jiancheng, Li Shimin, Li Xuanba, and Li Yuanji, and one daughter who would become Princess Pingyang. Lady Dou established a close bond with her mother-in-law, Lady Dugu . Lady Dugu was a daughter of the prominent general Dugu Xin , and a sister of two empresses from different dynasties, Empress Dugu and Dugu Qieluo .
The future Princess Pingyang was the third daughter of Li Yuan, then Duke of Tang, a hereditary nobleman of Sui China and cousin of Emperor Yang. She was his third daughter, but the only daughter of his wife Duchess Dou , who also bore four sons -- Li Jiancheng , Li Shimin (later Emperor Taizong ), Li Xuanba , and Li Yuanji .
In Shuo Tang, Li Yuanba (李元霸) is portrayed as the most powerful and skillful warrior of his time.He is the fourth son of Li Yuan, the founder of the Tang dynasty.Li Yuanba possesses extraordinary physical strength, exemplified by his weapons: a pair of golden hammers weighing 400 jin(236.1 kg) each.
Li Longji was born at the Tang dynasty eastern capital Luoyang in 685, during the first reign of his father Emperor Ruizong (Li Dan) – but at that time, Emperor Ruizong's mother Empress Dowager Wu (later known as Wu Zetian), not Emperor Ruizong, was in actual control of power as empress dowager and regent.