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The felicific calculus is an algorithm formulated by utilitarian philosopher Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832) for calculating the degree or amount of pleasure that a specific action is likely to induce. Bentham, an ethical hedonist , believed the moral rightness or wrongness of an action to be a function of the amount of pleasure or pain that it ...
Generally, ethical calculus refers to any method of determining a course of action in a circumstance that is not explicitly evaluated in one's ethical code.. A formal philosophy of ethical calculus is a development in the study of ethics, combining elements of natural selection, self-organizing systems, emergence, and algorithm theory.
In his exposition of the felicific calculus, Bentham proposed a classification of 12 pains and 14 pleasures, by which we might test the "happiness factor" of any action. [88] For Bentham, according to P. J. Kelly, the law "provides the basic framework of social interaction by delimiting spheres of personal inviolability within which individuals ...
Various types of propinquity exist: industry/occupational propinquity, in which similar people working in the same field or job tend to be attracted to one another; [6] residential propinquity, in which people living in the same area or within neighborhoods of each other tend to come together; [7] and acquaintance propinquity, a form of proximity in existence when friends tend to have a ...
Ethics in mathematics is an emerging field of applied ethics, the inquiry into ethical aspects of the practice and applications of mathematics. It deals with the professional responsibilities of mathematicians whose work influences decisions with major consequences, such as in law, finance, the military, and environmental science. [1]
The felicific calculus is a subset of utility calculi at best, thus the redirect should go the other way around. -- 207.112.45.58 04:49, 22 December 2006 (UTC) [ reply ] Citations for Bentham's instructions
P n 0, P n 1, P n 2, P n 3, ... For every integer n ≥ 0, there are infinitely many n-ary function symbols: f n 0, f n 1, f n 2, f n 3, ... When the arity of a predicate symbol or function symbol is clear from context, the superscript n is often omitted. In this traditional approach, there is only one language of first-order logic. [13]
He believed that any act could be measured by its value in this regard through the application of felicific calculus. [98] His associate James Mill's son John Stuart Mill subsequently took up his thought. [99] However, in contrast to the valuation of pure pleasure in Bentham's work, Mill divided pleasures into higher and lower kinds. [100]