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DHAP in context of chemotherapy is an acronym for chemotherapy regimen that is used for remission induction in cases of relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. [1] It is usually given for 2-3 courses, then followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation .
An illustrative diagram explaining drug resistance. Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial or an antineoplastic in treating a disease or condition. [1] The term is used in the context of resistance that pathogens or cancers have "acquired", that is, resistance has evolved.
In cancer cells, where normal regulation of gene expression breaks down, the oncogenes are activated via hypomethylation and tumor suppressors are silenced via hypermethylation. Similarly, in drug resistance development, it has been suggested that epigenetic modifications can result in the activation and overexpression of pro-drug resistance genes.
Mutations in genes that produce drug target proteins, such as tubulin, can occur which prevent the drugs from binding to the protein, leading to resistance to these types of drugs. [146] Drugs used in chemotherapy can induce cell stress, which can kill a cancer cell; however, under certain conditions, cells stress can induce changes in gene ...
The Annual Review of Cancer Biology was first published in 2017, making it the 47th journal title published by Annual Reviews. [5] The stated goals of the journal were to cover the biology of tumor cells, the interaction between the tumor cells and host cells, cancer genomes, drugs for treating cancer, and the resistance of cancer to certain drugs. [6]
The impact factor relates to a specific time period; it is possible to calculate it for any desired period. For example, the JCR also includes a five-year impact factor, which is calculated by dividing the number of citations to the journal in a given year by the number of articles published in that journal in the previous five years. [14] [15]
Blood growth factors are medicines that stimulate the bone marrow to produce more of a certain kind of blood cell. Commonly used examples include G-CSF and erythropoietin. These drugs are sometimes used with ABVD to prevent neutropenia (low white blood cell count) and anemia related to the chemotherapy, although their use is not universal.
There was a similar scheme in the NHS in Northern Ireland, but there has been no award scheme run for several years. [2] In the Welsh NHS there are local commitment awards for consultants and a parallel national clinical impact award scheme. Wales has an additional National 0 award level to that in England, valued at £10,000 a year also for 5 ...