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sha1sum is a computer program that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes.It is commonly used to verify the integrity of files. It (or a variant) is installed by default on most Linux distributions.
sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum: Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests shuf: generate random permutations sort: sort lines of text files split: Splits a file into pieces sum: Checksums and counts the blocks in a file tac: Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line tail: Outputs the last part of files tr: Translates or ...
md5sum is specific to systems that use GNU coreutils or a clone such as BusyBox.On FreeBSD and OpenBSD the utilities are called md5, sha1, sha256, and sha512.These versions offer slightly different options and features.
The simplest checksum algorithm is the so-called longitudinal parity check, which breaks the data into "words" with a fixed number n of bits, and then computes the bitwise exclusive or (XOR) of all those words. The result is appended to the message as an extra word.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
On Unix-like systems, similar functionality can be often obtained by combining find with hashing utilities such as md5sum, sha256sum or tthsum. md5deep exists for Windows and most Unix-based systems, including OS X. It is present in OS X's Fink, Homebrew and MacPorts projects. Binary packages exist for most free Unix systems.
The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including:
File integrity monitoring (FIM) is an internal control or process that performs the act of validating the integrity of operating system and application software files using a verification method between the current file state and a known, good baseline.