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Most modern operating systems or runtime environments support some form of memory-mapped file access. The function mmap(), [14] which creates a mapping of a file given a file descriptor, starting location in the file, and a length, is part of the POSIX specification, so the wide variety of POSIX-compliant systems, such as UNIX, Linux, Mac OS X ...
File-backed mapping maps an area of the process's virtual memory to files; that is, reading those areas of memory causes the file to be read. It is the default mapping type. Anonymous mapping maps an area of the process's virtual memory not backed by any file, made available via the MAP_ANONYMOUS/MAP_ANON flags.
An example of the latter is found in the Commodore 64, which uses a form of memory mapping to cause RAM or I/O hardware to appear in the 0xD000–0xDFFF range. Port-mapped I/O often uses a special class of CPU instructions designed specifically for performing I/O, such as the in and out instructions found on microprocessors based on the x86 ...
In computing, memory mapping may refer to: Memory-mapped file , also known as mmap() Memory-mapped I/O , an alternative to port I/O; a communication between CPU and peripheral device using the same instructions, and same bus, as between CPU and memory
In computer science, a memory map is a structure of data (which usually resides in memory itself) that indicates how memory is laid out. The term "memory map" has different meanings in different contexts. It is the fastest and most flexible cache organization that uses an associative memory. The associative memory stores both the address and ...
Address space layout randomization (ASLR) is a computer security technique involved in preventing exploitation of memory corruption vulnerabilities. [1] In order to prevent an attacker from reliably redirecting code execution to, for example, a particular exploited function in memory, ASLR randomly arranges the address space positions of key data areas of a process, including the base of the ...
The term user space (or userland) refers to all code that runs outside the operating system's kernel. [2] User space usually refers to the various programs and libraries that the operating system uses to interact with the kernel: software that performs input/output, manipulates file system objects, application software, etc.
The character between the address and the symbol (separated by spaces) is the type of a symbol. The nm utility program on Unix systems lists the symbols from object files. The System.map is directly related to it, in that this file is produced by nm on the whole kernel program – just like nm lists the symbols and their types for any small object programs.