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An equianalgesic chart can be a useful tool, but the user must take care to correct for all relevant variables such as route of administration, cross tolerance, half-life and the bioavailability of a drug. [5] For example, the narcotic levorphanol is 4–8 times stronger than morphine, but also has a much longer half-life. Simply switching the ...
Ammonium lactate is a compound with formula NH 4 (C 2 H 4 (OH)COO). It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid. It has mild anti-bacterial properties. It has E number "E328" and is the active ingredient of the skin lotions Amlactin and Lac-Hydrin. [1] Ammonium lactate is the chemical combination of lactic acid and ammonium hydroxide.
Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).
Ringer's lactate has an osmolarity of 273 mOsm L −1 [14] and a pH of 6.5. [10] The lactate is metabolized into bicarbonate by the liver, which can help correct metabolic acidosis. Ringer's lactate solution alkalinizes via its consumption in the citric acid cycle, the
Ringer's lactate Rx, R x, RX, ℞, Rp recipe: take (often effectively a noun meaning "prescription"—medical prescription or prescription drug) rep. repetatur: let it be repeated s. signa: write (write on the label) s.a. secundum artem: according to the art (accepted practice or best practice) SC subcutaneous
Lactic acidosis refers to the process leading to the production of lactate by anaerobic metabolism. It increases hydrogen ion concentration tending to the state of acidemia or low pH. The result can be detected with high levels of lactate and low levels of bicarbonate. This is usually considered the result of illness but also results from ...
The pharmacokinetics of cetirizine have been found to increase linearly with dose across a range of 5 to 60 mg. [9] Its C max following a single dose has been found to be 257 ng/mL for 10 mg and 580 ng/mL for 20 mg. [8] Food has no effect on the bioavailability of cetirizine but has been found to delay the T max by 1.7 hours (i.e., to ...
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste. It is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as maize or beets , and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid [ 4 ] to create a compound having the formula NaC 3 H 5 O 3 .