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Quinine has not been shown to reduce the duration (length) of a muscle cramp. [6] Quinine treatment may lead to hematologic and cardiac toxicity. Due to its low effectiveness and negative side effects, its use as a medication for treating muscle cramps is not recommended by the FDA. [26] Magnesium is commonly used to treat muscle cramps.
Muscle stiffness may also be present; if muscle weakness is not also present, and cramps are more severe, the stiffness may be categorized instead as cramp fasciculation syndrome. [3] Cramp fasciculation is a variant of BFS which presents with muscle pain and exercise intolerance. [2] [4]
Muscle cramps, stiffness, spasm, and contracture can also be associated with myopathy. Myopathy experienced over a long period (chronic) may result in the muscle becoming an abnormal size, such as muscle atrophy (abnormally small) or a pseudoathletic appearance (abnormally large).
Dead legs and charley horses are two different types of injuries: A charley horse involves the muscles contracting without warning, and can last from a few seconds to a couple days. A dead leg often occurs in contact sports , such as football, when an athlete suffers a knee or other blunt trauma to the lateral quadriceps causing a haematoma or ...
Muscle cramping. The cause of cramping is unknown, but may be related to elevated lactate, increased calcium signaling across the sarcoplasmic reticulum caused by membrane instability from reduced levels of ATP, or increased levels of free adenosine. [9] Muscle weakness
Muscle cramps caused by the disease tetanus are not classified as tetany; rather, they are due to a lack of inhibition to the neurons that supply muscles. Tetanic contractions (physiologic tetanus) have a broad range of muscle contraction types, of which tetany is only one.
Hypocapnia (from the Greek words ὑπό meaning below normal and καπνός kapnós meaning smoke), also known as hypocarbia, sometimes incorrectly called acapnia, is a state of reduced carbon dioxide in the blood. [1] Hypocapnia usually results from deep or rapid breathing, known as hyperventilation. Hypocapnia is the opposite of hypercapnia.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare [1] peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome ; it causes fasciculations , cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related condition). [ 2 ]