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The 160-meter band is the oldest amateur band and was the staple of reliable communication in the earliest days of amateur radio, when almost all communications were over relatively short distances, and typical operating frequencies were below 20 MHz. In the UK 160 meters was the primary band used for mobile operation for many years.
With a low power home station and a simple antenna, range would be around 50 km (30 miles). With a large antenna system like a long yagi, and higher power (typically 100 watts or more) contacts of around 1 000 km (600 miles) using the Morse code (CW) and single-sideband (SSB) modes are common. Ham operators seek to exploit the limits of the ...
At least 1 ⁄ 4 of the wavelength of feedline must be at 90° angle to the antenna. [3] It is also possible to feed the antenna asymmetrically. [ 5 ] Due to the low-angle radiation pattern this antenna has, it performs well for long distance contacts (QSOs) (DX).
The FCC procedure to calculate HAAT is: from the proposed or actual antenna site, either 12 or 16 radials were drawn, and points at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 miles (16 km) radius along each radial were used. The entire radial graph could be rotated to achieve the best effect for the station.
In aviation, distance measuring equipment (DME) is a radio navigation technology that measures the slant range (distance) between an aircraft and a ground station by timing the propagation delay of radio signals in the frequency band between 960 and 1215 megahertz (MHz). Line-of-visibility between the aircraft and ground station is required.
T-antennas have a height between 50–200 meters, while mast aerials are usually taller than 150 meters. The height of mast antennas for LORAN-C is around 190 meters for transmitters with radiated power below 500 kW, and around 400 meters for transmitters greater than 1 000 kilowatts. The main type of LORAN-C antenna is insulated from ground.
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For every distance, from local to maximum distance transmission, (DX), there is an optimum "take off" angle for the antenna, as shown here. For example, using the F layer during the night, to best reach a receiver 500 miles away, an antenna should be chosen that has a strong lobe at 40 degrees elevation.
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