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A root tuber, tuberous root or storage root is a modified lateral root, enlarged to function as a storage organ. The enlarged area of the tuber can be produced at the end or middle of a root or involve the entire root. It is thus different in origin, but similar in function and appearance, to a stem tuber.
In common parlance, underground storage organs may be generically called roots, tubers, or bulbs, but to the botanist there is more specific technical nomenclature: A harvested ginger rhizome. True roots: Storage taproot – e.g. carrot; Tuberous root or root tuber – e.g. Dahlia [4] Modified stems:
Adventitious root formation is enhanced in many plant species during (partial) submergence, to increase gas exchange and storage of gases like oxygen. [28] Distinct types of adventitious roots can be classified and are dependent on morphology, growth dynamics and function.
A geophyte (earth+plant) is a plant with an underground storage organ including true bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, enlarged hypocotyls, and rhizomes. Most plants with underground stems are geophytes but not all plants that are geophytes have underground stems. Geophytes are often physiologically active even when they lack leaves.
Root vegetables are underground plant parts eaten by humans or animals as food. In agricultural and culinary terminology, the term applies to true roots such as taproots and tuberous roots as well as non-roots such as bulbs , corms , rhizomes , and stem tubers .
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Fusiform root: this root is widest in the middle and tapers towards the top and the bottom: e.g. radish. Napiform root: the root has a top-like appearance. It is very broad at the top and tapers suddenly like a tail at the bottom: e.g. turnip. The edible, orange part of the carrot is its taproot. Many taproots are modified into storage organs ...