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  2. Models of scientific inquiry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_scientific_inquiry

    In this classification, a deductive-nomological (D-N) explanation of an occurrence is a valid deduction whose conclusion states that the outcome to be explained did in fact occur. The deductive argument is called an explanation, its premisses are called the explanans (L: explaining) and the conclusion is called the explanandum (L: to be explained).

  3. Thematic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thematic_analysis

    In some thematic analysis approaches coding follows theme development and is a deductive process of allocating data to pre-identified themes (this approach is common in coding reliability and code book approaches), in other approaches – notably Braun and Clarke's reflexive approach – coding precedes theme development and themes are built ...

  4. Hypothetico-deductive model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetico-deductive_model

    The hypothetico-deductive approach contrasts with other research models such as the inductive approach or grounded theory. In the data percolation methodology, the hypothetico-deductive approach is included in a paradigm of pragmatism by which four types of relations between the variables can exist: descriptive, of influence, longitudinal or ...

  5. Deductive reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive_reasoning

    The syntactic approach, by contrast, focuses on rules of inference, that is, schemas of drawing a conclusion from a set of premises based only on their logical form. There are various rules of inference, such as modus ponens and modus tollens. Invalid deductive arguments, which do not follow a rule of inference, are called formal fallacies ...

  6. Deductive pragmatism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive_pragmatism

    Deductive pragmatism is a research method aiming at helping researchers communicate qualitative assumptions about cause-effect relationships , elucidate the ramifications of such assumptions and drive causal inferences from a combination of assumptions, experiments, observations and case studies.

  7. Quantitative research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_research

    Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data. [1] It is formed from a deductive approach where emphasis is placed on the testing of theory, shaped by empiricist and positivist philosophies.

  8. Logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic

    But even arguments that are not deductively valid may still be good arguments because their premises offer non-deductive support to their conclusions. For such cases, the term ampliative or inductive reasoning is used. [63] Deductive arguments are associated with formal logic in contrast to the relation between ampliative arguments and informal ...

  9. Natural deduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_deduction

    The intersection of logic and type theory is a vast and active research area. New logics are usually formalised in a general type theoretic setting, known as a logical framework . Popular modern logical frameworks such as the calculus of constructions and LF are based on higher-order dependent type theory, with various trade-offs in terms of ...