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Entanglement is at the heart of quantum physics and future quantum technologies. Like other aspects of quantum science, the phenomenon of entanglement reveals itself at very tiny, subatomic scales.
Entanglement: This is a phenomenon that occurs when two or more objects are connected in such a way that they can be thought of as a single system, even if they are very far apart. The state of one object in that system can't be fully described without information on the state of the other object.
One of the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, superposition explains how a quantum state can be represented as the sum of two or more states.
Quantum information science, which harnesses the properties of quantum mechanics to create new technologies, has the potential to change how we think about encryption in two main ways.
Quantum objects are special because they all exhibit wave-like properties by the very nature of quantum theory. To understand the general idea behind the uncertainty principle, think of a ripple in a pond. To measure its speed, we would monitor the passage of multiple peaks and troughs.
Superposition and entanglement give quantum computers capabilities unknown to classical computing. Qubits can be made by manipulating atoms, electrically charged atoms called ions, or electrons, or by nanoengineering so-called artificial atoms, such as circuits of superconducting qubits, using a printing method called lithography.
In fact, the rise of all electronics is directly linked to our understanding of quantum mechanics. Electrical conductance can be thought of as the ability for electrons to be shared or delocalized among atoms in a material as a result of their quantum superposition.
Caltech researchers explain how they design experiments using specialized tools and techniques to probe the elusive phenomena of quantum mechanics.
As part of Conversations on the Quantum World, a webinar series hosted by the Caltech Science Exchange, Nai-Chang Yeh, Caltech’s Thomas W. Hogan Professor of Physics, discusses what quantum materials are and why we can expect to find them in future technologies.
The phenomena of decoherence and entanglement and their role in quantum computing and quantum error-correction. Amplifying microscopic quantum effects to the scale of computers. How quantum computers could help us resolve open questions about black holes, the early universe, and quantum gravity.