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A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. [ 11 ] High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms itself. [ 1 ] It is, however, a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral ...
Severely elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic) is referred to as a hypertensive crisis (sometimes termed malignant or accelerated hypertension), due to the high risk of complications. People with blood pressures in this range may have no symptoms, but are more likely to report headaches (22% ...
Paroxysmal hypertension is episodic and volatile high blood pressure, which may be due to stress of any sort, or from a pheochromocytoma, a type of tumor involving the adrenal medulla. [citation needed] Patients with paroxysmal hypertension who test negative for pheochromocytoma are said to be suffering from a clinical entity called ...
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [1][2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [3][4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [3]
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart becomes blocked. The most common cause is atherosclerosis, but other conditions like a blood clot, spasm, or tear in your coronary arteries can ...
Pallesthesia (\ˌpal-es-ˈthē-zh (ē-)ə\), or vibratory sensation, is the ability to perceive vibration. [1][2] This sensation, often conducted through skin and bone, is usually generated by mechanoreceptors such as Pacinian corpuscles, Merkel disk receptors, and tactile corpuscles. [1] All of these receptors stimulate an action potential in ...
Cerebrovascular disease. Cerebrovascular disease includes a variety of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels of the brain and the cerebral circulation. Arteries supplying oxygen and nutrients to the brain are often damaged or deformed in these disorders. [2] The most common presentation of cerebrovascular disease is an ischemic ...