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Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium.
Sarcopenia is defined as loss of muscle tissue as a natural part of the aging process. [3] This does not include loss of muscle strength, which is defined by dynapenia. Muscle strength appears to be a critical component in maintaining physical function, mobility, and vitality in old age, which is why it's imperative to identify and study contributing factors of dyna
In the context of a positive Hoover's sign, functional weakness (or "conversion disorder") is much more likely than malingering or factitious disorder. [3] Strong hip muscles can make the test difficult to interpret. [4] Efforts have been made to use the theory behind the sign to report a quantitative result. [5]
It affects women more than men due to the sharp fall in estrogen production that follows menopause. [193] Globally, it is estimated that 21.2% of women and 6.3% of men over the age of 50 have osteoporosis, corresponding to a total of around 500 million people worldwide. [194] About 15% of Caucasians in their 50s and 70% of those over 80 are ...
Muscle weakness can also be classified as either "proximal" or "distal" based on the location of the muscles that it affects. Proximal muscle weakness affects muscles closest to the body's midline, while distal muscle weakness affects muscles further out on the limbs. Proximal muscle weakness can be seen in Cushing's syndrome [18] and ...
Metabolic bone disease is an abnormality of bones caused by a broad spectrum of disorders. Most commonly these disorders are caused by deficiencies of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium or vitamin D leading to dramatic clinical disorders that are commonly reversible once the underlying defect has been treated.
Weakness comes on slowly (over months to years) in an asymmetric manner and progresses steadily, leading to severe weakness and wasting of arm and leg muscles. IBM is more common in men than women. [10] Patients may become unable to perform activities of daily living and most require assistive devices within 5 to 10 years of symptom onset.
Too much stress on the bones could cause BMD to decrease. Low BMD is dangerous because it can cause disorders inside the bone as the children grow and get older. These disorders can cause the bone to ossify, become brittle, fragile, more easily prone to fractures, and weak. Some of these disorders include osteopenia, osteoporosis, and scoliosis ...