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  2. Climate of Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Mars

    Climate of Mars. Mars' cloudy sky as seen by Perseverance rover in 2023, sol 738. The climate of Mars has been a topic of scientific curiosity for centuries, in part because it is the only terrestrial planet whose surface can be easily directly observed in detail from the Earth with help from a telescope. Although Mars is smaller than the Earth ...

  3. Atmosphere of Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Mars

    The atmosphere of Mars is the layer of gases surrounding Mars. It is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (95%), molecular nitrogen (2.85%), and argon (2%). [3] It also contains trace levels of water vapor, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and noble gases. [3][5][2] The atmosphere of Mars is much thinner and colder than Earth's having a max ...

  4. Mars atmospheric entry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_atmospheric_entry

    Mars atmospheric entry is the entry into the atmosphere of Mars. High velocity entry into Martian air creates a CO 2 -N 2 plasma, as opposed to O 2 -N 2 for Earth air. [ 1 ] Mars entry is affected by the radiative effects of hot CO 2 gas and Martian dust suspended in the air. [ 2 ] Flight regimes for entry, descent, and landing systems include ...

  5. Martian polar ice caps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martian_polar_ice_caps

    1995 photo of Mars showing approximate size of the polar caps. The planet Mars has two permanent polar ice caps of water ice and some dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide, CO 2).Above kilometer-thick layers of water ice permafrost, slabs of dry ice are deposited during a pole's winter, [1] [2] lying in continuous darkness, causing 25–30% of the atmosphere being deposited annually at either of the ...

  6. Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Environmental...

    The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) is an instrument on board the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover that will characterize the dust size and morphology, as well as surface weather. [2][3] Specifically, the information obtained will help address future human exploration objectives, as dust sizes and shapes, daily weather report and ...

  7. Astronomy on Mars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy_on_Mars

    Seasons. Mars has an axial tilt of 25.19°, quite close to the value of 23.44° for Earth, and thus Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter as Earth does. As on Earth, the southern and northern hemispheres have summer and winter at opposing times. However, the orbit of Mars has significantly greater eccentricity than that of Earth.

  8. File:NASA-MarsIngenuityHelicopter-FirstFlightVideo-20210419.webm

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NASA-MarsIngenuity...

    NASA’s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter hovers over the Martian surface – the first instance of powered, controlled flight on another planet – as viewed by the Mastcam-Z imager aboard the Perseverance Mars rover on April 19, 2021. The helicopter climbed to an altitude of 10 feet (3 meters), hovering for 30 seconds. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS.

  9. Mars 2020 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_2020

    Mars 2020 is a NASA mission that includes the rover Perseverance, the now-retired small robotic helicopter Ingenuity, and associated delivery systems, as part of the Mars Exploration Program. Mars 2020 was launched on an Atlas V rocket at 11:50:01 UTC on July 30, 2020, [4] and landed in the Martian crater Jezero on February 18, 2021, with ...