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The name Golden Horde is a partial calque of Russian Золотая Орда (Zolotáya Ordá), itself supposedly a partial calque of Turkic Altan Orda. Золотая (Zolotáya) was translated to 'Golden', while Орда (Ordá) was transliterated to 'Horde'.
When the Golden Horde was founded, it was jointly ruled by two separate wings. The right wing in the west was ruled by Batu Khan and his descendants. The left wing in the east, also known as the "Blue Horde" by the Russians or the "White Horde" by the Timurids , was ruled by four Jochid khans under Orda Khan .
The Great Troubles [10] [11] [d] (Church Slavonic: Великая замятня, romanized: Velikaya zamyatnya, as found in Rus' chronicles [3] [e]), also known as the Golden Horde Dynastic War, [14] was a war of succession in the Golden Horde from 1359 to 1381.
The traditional Slavophile Russian point of view sees the battle as the first step in the liberation of the Russian lands from the Golden Horde dependency. However, approximately half of the old Kievan Rus' at this time were controlled by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. [citation needed]
The Golden Horde and its tributaries in 1313 under Özbeg Khan Map of Europe circa 1444, showing the Golden Horde and successor khanates, the Principality of Moscow, the Novgorod Republic, and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Historians have debated the long-term influence of Mongol rule on society. [3]
Russia’s forerunner, Muscovy owed its rise in the 13th century to the role of a tax collector for the Golden Horde, allowing its princes to amass wealth and outmaneuver rivals. In contrast, Kyiv ...
This is a complete list of khans of the Ulus of Jochi, better known by its later Russian designation as the Golden Horde, in its right (west) wing and left (east) wing divisions known problematically as the Blue Horde and White Horde, [1] and of its main successor state during a period of disintegration, known as the Great Horde.
The Black Death entered Europe from the Golden Horde in Central Asia in 1347, but it did not reach Russia from Central Asia in the southeast. Due to religious reasons, the border between Christian Russia and the Muslim Golden Horde was closed, which may have helped prevent the plague from spreading to Russia through this route.