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In contrast with later "empires of the sea" such as the European colonial powers, the Mongol Empire was a land power, fueled by the grass-foraging Mongol cavalry and cattle. [ a ] Thus most Mongol conquest and plundering took place during the warmer seasons, when there was sufficient grazing for their herds. [ 14 ]
Some Mongol troops reaches the outskirts of Vienna and Udine. Death of Ögedei Khan; Retreat of Mongol-Tatar army. [citation needed] spring 1241 – early 1242: Mongol incursions in the Holy Roman Empire (including Austria and northeast Italy) 1241–1242: Mongol invasion of Croatia and Dalmatia [1] 1258–1259: Mongol invasions of Lithuania ...
Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe. List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' Mongol invasions and conquests; Mongol military tactics and organization; Romania in the Early Middle Ages; Timeline of the Golden Horde; Timeline of the Mongol Empire; War of the Heavenly Horses
Mongol conquest of Western Xia: Mongols: Western Xia: Victory 1209 Mongol invasion of the Kingdom of Qocho: Mongol Empire: Kingdom of Qocho: Victory 1211–1234 Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty: Mongol Empire: Jin dynasty: Victory 1216–1218 Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai: Mongol Empire: Qara Khitai: Victory 1219–1231 Mongol conquest ...
The Mongol conquests resulted in widespread and well-documented death and destruction throughout Eurasia, as the Mongol army invaded hundreds of cities and killed millions of people. One estimate is that approximately 10% of the contemporary global population, amounting to some 37.75–60 million people, was killed either during or immediately ...
Detail of the Catalan Atlas depicting Marco Polo travelling to the East during the Pax Mongolica. The Pax Mongolica (Latin for "Mongol Peace"), less often known as Pax Tatarica [1] ("Tatar Peace"), is a historiographical term modeled after the original phrase Pax Romana which describes the stabilizing effects of the conquests of the Mongol Empire on the social, cultural and economic life of ...
Mongol invasion of Europe: Mongol Empire forces the Second Bulgarian Empire to pay tribute [1] spring: Mongol invasion of Europe: Mongol forces retreat after receiving news of Ögedei Khan's death; Batu Khan stays at the Volga River and his brother Orda Khan returns to Mongolia [2] The Golden Horde stretches from the Chu River to the Danube [3]
Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History. p. 222. ISBN 9781850430575. (e-book). Shaikhutdinov, Marat (23 November 2021). "3.4 Invasion of Tokhtamysh". Between East and West: The Formation of the Moscow State. Academic Studies Press. pp. 104–107. ISBN 978-1-64469-715-3