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Food scientists working in Australia A food science laboratory. Food science is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope starts at overlap with agricultural science and nutritional science and leads through the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.
Traditionally, food companies would send food samples to laboratories for physical testing. Typical analyses include: moisture (water) by loss of mass at 102 °C; protein by analysis of total nitrogen, either by Dumas or Kjeldahl methods; total fat, traditionally by a solvent extraction, but often now by secondary methods such as NMR
To undertake any analysis, unless the whole amount of food to be considered is very small so that the food can be used for testing in its entirety, it is usually necessary for a portion of it to be taken (e.g. a small quantity from a full production batch, or a portion of what is on sale in a shop) – this process is known as food sampling.
Molecular gastronomy is the scientific approach of cuisine from primarily the perspective of chemistry. The composition (molecular structure), properties (mass, viscosity, etc) and transformations (chemical reactions, reactant products) of an ingredient are addressed and utilized in the preparation and appreciation of the ingested products.
Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food.This includes the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage; pathogens that may cause disease (especially if food is improperly cooked or stored); microbes used to produce fermented foods such as cheese, yogurt, bread, beer, and wine; and microbes with other useful roles, such as producing ...
A crucible and tongs, on a green mat. The ash content of a sample is a measure of the amount of inorganic noncombustible material it contains. The residues after a sample is completely burnt - in contrast to the ash remaining after incomplete combustion - typically consist of oxides of the inorganic elements present in the original sample.
Analytical quality control. Analytical quality control (AQC) refers to all those processes and procedures designed to ensure that the results of laboratory analysis are consistent, comparable, accurate and within specified limits of precision. [1] Constituents submitted to the analytical laboratory must be accurately described to avoid faulty ...
Organoleptic properties are the aspects of food, water or other substances as apprehended via the senses [1] —including taste, sight, smell, and touch. [2][need quotation to verify][3][4] In traditional U.S. Department of Agriculture meat and poultry inspections, inspectors perform various organoleptic procedures to detect disease or ...