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In November 1695, the Maratha general, Santaji Ghorpade, defeated the Mughal general, Qasim Khan. The Mughals retreated to their fort at Dodderi, the Marathas chased them and began besieging them from all sides, confident that their hunger would destroy the defenders. Many of the cattle had been captured by the Marathas.
Cattle War – Conflict between Danish India and the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom; Loss of the St. Jacob – Seizure of a Danish ship by Benglis; Dano-Mughal War – Danish colonial conflict against the Mughal Empire; Capture of St. Michael – Capture of Bengali ship by the Danes in 1644
Cattle slaughter, in accordance with the Islamic custom, was practiced in the Mughal Empire under its Sunni rulers. Despite the legality of bovine slaughter, Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman stated that, "no one dared publicly to slaughter cows, particularly in Hindu-dominated areas as people could instantly punish the culprit". [101]
During these operations, the Mughal Army confronted the Sikhs. When confronted, the Sikhs moved northward taking shelter in the fort of Gurdaspur. It had been recently extended to accommodate 60,000 horses, and stores of food, grain and fodder had also been collected there. The Mughal Army converged upon the fort from three sides.
Although slaughter of cattle plays a role in a major Muslim holiday, Eid al-Adha, many rulers of the Mughal Empire had imposed a ban on the slaughter of cows owing to the large Hindu and Jain populations living under their rule. [61] The second and longest surah of the Quran is named Al-Baqara ("The Cow"). Out of the 286 verses of the surah, 7 ...
In the preceding year, Pessart had declared war on the Mughal Empire. [2] Leyel continued the privateering war against the Mughals as a source of revenue and income. [3] In 1647 the privateer war still waged, and in December of that year, a noticeable incident was recorded by the English at Balasore. [3]
The Mughal government funded the building of irrigation systems across the empire, which produced much higher crop yields and increased the net revenue base, leading to increased agricultural production. [53] A major Mughal reform introduced by Akbar was a new land revenue system called zabt.
The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side, Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur headed to India to satisfy his ambitions.