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The geological deformation of Iceland is the way that the rocks of the island of Iceland are changing due to tectonic forces. The geological deformation help to explain the location of earthquakes, volcanoes, fissures, and the shape of the island. Iceland is the largest landmass (102,775 km 2 (39,682 sq mi)) situated on an oceanic ridge.
The geology of Iceland is unique and of particular interest to geologists. Iceland lies on the divergent boundary between the Eurasian plate and the North American plate . It also lies above a hotspot , the Iceland plume .
Earthquakes and volcanism have patterns in time and place that can be combined into a consistent tectonic process that is explained by the geological deformation of Iceland. In summary in Iceland there are four main types of tectonic zones: [8] Spreading zones of rifting and volcanism producing the predominant Iceland tholeiitic basaltic crust
The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot that is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity that has formed the Iceland Plateau and the island of Iceland. It contributes to understanding the geological deformation of Iceland .
Dettifoss, located in northeast Iceland. It is the second-largest waterfall in Europe in terms of volume discharge, with an average water flow of 200 m 3 /s. Iceland is an island country in Northern Europe, straddling the Eurasian and North American plates between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the British Isles.
Iceland's location astride the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the Eurasian and North American Plates are moving apart, is partly responsible for this intense volcanic activity, but an additional cause is necessary to explain why Iceland is a substantial island while the rest of the ridge mostly consists of seamounts, with peaks below sea level.
Dverghamrar (also known as "Dwarf Cliffs" or "Dwarf Rocks") [2] is a geological formation in Southern Iceland, consisting of columnar jointing of volcanic rocks. The formation appears as vertical, hexagonal columns of varying heights. Situated off the Ring Road in the town of Kirkjubæjarklaustur, the cliffs are a popular destination for ...
Laki (Icelandic pronunciation: ⓘ) or Lakagígar ([ˈlaːkaˌciːɣar̥], Craters of Laki) is a volcanic fissure in the western part of Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland, not far from the volcanic fissure of Eldgjá and the small village of Kirkjubæjarklaustur.