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  2. Homogeneity and heterogeneity (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_and...

    In statistics, a sequence of random variables is homoscedastic (/ ˌ h oʊ m oʊ s k ə ˈ d æ s t ɪ k /) if all its random variables have the same finite variance; this is also known as homogeneity of variance. The complementary notion is called heteroscedasticity, also known as heterogeneity of variance.

  3. Homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoscedasticity_and...

    In statistics, a sequence of random variables is homoscedastic (/ ˌ h oʊ m oʊ s k ə ˈ d æ s t ɪ k /) if all its random variables have the same finite variance; this is also known as homogeneity of variance. The complementary notion is called heteroscedasticity, also known as heterogeneity of variance.

  4. List of probability distributions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_probability...

    The beta-binomial distribution, which describes the number of successes in a series of independent Yes/No experiments with heterogeneity in the success probability. The degenerate distribution at x 0, where X is certain to take the value x 0. This does not look random, but it satisfies the definition of random variable. This is useful because ...

  5. Homogeneity and heterogeneity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity

    Homogeneity and heterogeneity; only ' b ' is homogeneous Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image.A homogeneous feature is uniform in composition or character (i.e., color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous ...

  6. Normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution

    Many test statistics, scores, and estimators encountered in practice contain sums of certain random variables in them, and even more estimators can be represented as sums of random variables through the use of influence functions. The central limit theorem implies that those statistical parameters will have asymptotically normal distributions.

  7. Panel data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel_data

    Cross-panel data (CPD) is an innovative yet underappreciated source of information in the mathematical and statistical sciences. CPD stands out from other research methods because it vividly illustrates how independent and dependent variables may shift between countries.

  8. Notation in probability and statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notation_in_probability...

    Random variables are usually written in upper case Roman letters, such as or and so on. Random variables, in this context, usually refer to something in words, such as "the height of a subject" for a continuous variable, or "the number of cars in the school car park" for a discrete variable, or "the colour of the next bicycle" for a categorical variable.

  9. Dependent and independent variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_and_independent...

    In mathematics, a function is a rule for taking an input (in the simplest case, a number or set of numbers) [5] and providing an output (which may also be a number). [5] A symbol that stands for an arbitrary input is called an independent variable, while a symbol that stands for an arbitrary output is called a dependent variable. [6]