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The Academic Vocabulary List, based on the Academic Word List, drawing from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), was developed by Gardner and Davies in 2013. Rather than relying on word families, like the AWL, the AVL is composed of 3000 English lemmas, and provides a broader coverage of Academic English. [5]
Robert J. Marzano is an educational researcher in the United States. He has done educational research and theory on the topics of standards-based assessment , cognition, high-yield teaching strategies, and school leadership, including the development of practical programs and tools for teachers and administrators in K–12 schools.
In English-speaking countries, they have integrative motivation, the desire to learn the language to fit into an English-language culture. They are more likely to want to integrate because they 1. Generally have more friends and family with English language skills. 2. Have immediate financial and economic incentives to learn English. 3.
Some lists of common words distinguish between word forms, while others rank all forms of a word as a single lexeme (the form of the word as it would appear in a dictionary). For example, the lexeme be (as in to be ) comprises all its conjugations ( is , was , am , are , were , etc.), and contractions of those conjugations. [ 5 ]
This is a comparison of English dictionaries, which are dictionaries about the language of English.The dictionaries listed here are categorized into "full-size" dictionaries (which extensively cover the language, and are targeted to native speakers), "collegiate" (which are smaller, and often contain other biographical or geographical information useful to college students), and "learner's ...
There is one count that puts the English vocabulary at about 1 million words—but that count presumably includes words such as Latin species names, prefixed and suffixed words, scientific terminology, jargon, foreign words of extremely limited English use and technical acronyms. [42] [43] [44] Urdu: 264,000
It includes the F.F.1 list with 1,500 high-frequency words, completed by a later F.F.2 list with 1,700 mid-frequency words, and the most used syntax rules. [12] It is claimed that 70 grammatical words constitute 50% of the communicatives sentence, [13] [14] while 3,680 words make about 95~98% of coverage. [15] A list of 3,000 frequent words is ...
Recent articles suggest that the AWL may not be as 'academic' as the name suggests. In fact, by assuming that the GSL represented the 'common' words in English, the words that appeared frequently in Coxhead's corpus analysis were, by default, 'academic'. In fact, to a great degree, Coxhead actually provided some well-needed updates to the GSL.