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The lateral part of the CVA is formed by the lower border of the 12th rib, and the medial part of the CVA is formed by the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. [1] The CVA is distinct from the costovertebral joints. [2] The lower poles of the kidneys are within the CVAs. [1] A small amount of pleura extends below the ribs in the CVAs. [2]
The costovertebral angle (Latin: arcus costovertebralis) is the acute angle formed on either side of the human back between the twelfth rib and the vertebral column. [1] The kidney lies directly below this area, so is the place where, with percussion (Latin: sucussio renalis), pain is elicited when the person has kidney inflammation.
Quadrants of the abdomen Diagram showing which organs (or parts of organs) are in each quadrant of the abdomen. The left lower quadrant (LLQ) of the human abdomen is the area left of the midline and below the umbilicus. The LLQ includes the left iliac fossa and half of the left flank region. The equivalent term for animals is left posterior ...
At birth, the liver comprises roughly 4% of body weight and weighs on average about 120 g (4 oz). Over the course of further development, it will increase to 1.4–1.6 kg (3.1–3.5 lb) but will only take up 2.5–3.5% of body weight. [40] Hepatosomatic index (HSI) is the ratio of liver weight to body weight. [41]
A liver segment is one of eight segments of the liver as described in the widely used Couinaud classification (named after Claude Couinaud) in the anatomy of the liver.This system divides the lobes of the liver into eight segments based on a transverse plane through the bifurcation of the main portal vein, [1] arranged in a clockwise manner starting from the caudate lobe.
In anatomy, the division of the abdomen into regions can employ a nine-region scheme.The hypochondrium refers to the two hypochondriac regions in the upper third of the abdomen; the left hypochondrium and right hypochondrium. [1]
The liver is a large, football-shaped organ located on the right upper side just under the rib cage, and it's essential for digestion and ridding the body of toxic substances, per the Mayo Clinic.
The costal margin is the medial margin formed by the cartilages of the seventh to tenth ribs. It attaches to the body and xiphoid process of the sternum. [2] The thoracic diaphragm attaches to the costal margin. [3] The costal angle is the angle between the left and right costal margins where they join the sternum. [2]