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  2. Nominal Pipe Size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_Pipe_Size

    Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...

  3. Pipe (fluid conveyance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(fluid_conveyance)

    Consequently, a 1-inch (25 mm) copper pipe had a 1 + 1 ⁄ 8-inch (28.58 mm) outside diameter. The outside diameter was the important dimension for mating with fittings. The wall thickness on modern copper is usually thinner than 116-inch (1.6 mm), so the internal diameter is only "nominal" rather than a controlling dimension. [13]

  4. Iron pipe size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_pipe_size

    During the IPS period, pipes were cast in halves and welded together, and pipe sizes referred to the inside diameters. [1] The inside diameters under IPS were roughly the same as the more modern Ductile Iron Pipe Standard (DIPS) and Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) Standards, and some of the wall thicknesses were also retained with a different ...

  5. Barrel (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrel_(unit)

    Defined as length of stave 28 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (72 cm), diameter of head 16 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (41 cm), distance between heads 25 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (64 cm), circumference of bulge 58 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (149 cm) outside measurement; and the thickness of staves not greater than 4 ⁄ 10 in (10 mm) [2] (diameter ≈ 18.62 in or 47.3 cm). No equivalent in cubic inches ...

  6. Bushel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushel

    The Winchester bushel is the volume of a cylinder 18.5 in (470 mm) in diameter and 8 in (200 mm) high, which gives an irrational number, of approximately 2150.4202 cubic inches. [4] The modern American or US bushel is rounded to exactly 2150.42 cubic inches, a difference of less than one part per ten million.

  7. Organ flue pipe scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_flue_pipe_scaling

    Relationship between number of feet, octave and size of an open flue pipe (1′ = 1 foot = about 32 cm) Play ⓘ Scaling is the ratio of an organ pipe's diameter to its length. The scaling of a pipe is a major influence on its timbre. Reed pipes are scaled according to different formulas than for flue pipes.

  8. Orders of magnitude (length) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

    10.16 cm = 1.016 dm – 1 hand used in measuring height of horses (4 inches) 12 cm = 1.2 dm – diameter of a compact disc (CD) (= 120 mm) 15 cm = 1.5 dm – length of a Bic pen with cap on; 22 cm = 2.2 dm – diameter of a typical association football (soccer ball) 30 cm = 3 dm – typical school-use ruler length (= 300 mm)

  9. Piping and plumbing fitting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting

    A reducer reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter). Alternatively, reducer may refer to any fitting which causes a change in pipe diameter. [15] This change may be intended to meet hydraulic flow requirements of the system or adapt to existing piping of a different size. The reduction length is usually equal to the ...