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The Homestead Acts were sometimes abused, but historians continue to debate the extent. [48] [49] In the 1950s and 1960s, historians Fred Shannon, Roy Robbins, and Paul Wallace Gates emphasized fraudulent episodes, and historians largely turned away from the issue.
A back-to-the-land movement is any of various agrarian movements across different historical periods. The common thread is a call for people to take up smallholding and to grow food from the land with an emphasis on a greater degree of self-sufficiency, autonomy, and local community than found in a prevailing industrial or postindustrial way of life.
Homesteading is a lifestyle of self-sufficiency. It is characterized by subsistence agriculture, home preservation of food, and may also involve the small scale production of textiles, clothing, and craft work for household use or sale. Homesteading has been pursued in various ways around the world and throughout different historical eras.
The 1960s and 1970s saw major farm worker strikes including the 1965 Delano grape strike and the 1970 Salad Bowl strike. In 1975, the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975 was enacted, [ 94 ] establishing the right to collective bargaining for farmworkers in California, a first in U.S. history. [ 95 ]
The subsistence homesteading program was based on an agrarian, "back-to-the-land" philosophy which meant a partial return to the simpler, farming life of the past. Eleanor and Franklin Roosevelt both endorsed the idea that for poor people , rural life could be healthier than city life.
Burnell married Enos Mills on August 12, 1918, becoming Esther Burnell Mills. The simple and private ceremony was held at Mills' homestead cabin near Long Peak Inn. [5] [15] Mills enlarged his log home, separate from the homestead cabin, for Burnell and their forthcoming child. [5] Their daughter Enda was born April 27, 1919. [15]
Ralph Borsodi (December, 1888 – October 27, 1977) [2] was an American agrarian theorist and practical experimenter interested in ways of living useful to the modern family desiring greater self-reliance (especially so during the Great Depression).
Richard Louis Proenneke (/ ˈ p r ɛ n ə k iː /; May 4, 1916 – April 20, 2003) was an American self-educated naturalist, conservationist, writer, and wildlife photographer who, from the age of about 51, lived alone for nearly thirty years (1968–1998) in the mountains of Alaska in a log cabin that he constructed by hand near the shore of Twin Lakes.