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Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta ForMemRS (/ ˈ v oʊ l t ə, ˈ v ɒ l t ə /, Italian: [alesˈsandro ˈvɔlta]; 18 February 1745 – 5 March 1827) was an Italian physicist and chemist who was a pioneer of electricity and power, [1] [2] [3] and is credited as the inventor of the electric battery and the discoverer of methane.
The cell was also known as the 'chromic acid cell', but principally as the 'bichromate cell'. This latter name came from the practice of producing the chromic acid by adding sulphuric acid to potassium dichromate, even though the cell itself contains no dichromate. The Fuller cell was developed from the Poggendorff cell.
Illustration of Virchow's cell theory. Virchow is credited with several key discoveries. His most widely known scientific contribution is his cell theory, which built on the work of Theodor Schwann. He was one of the first to accept the work of Robert Remak, who showed that the origin of cells was the division of pre-existing cells. [29]
Alessandro Volta's theory of contact tension considered that the emf, which drives the electric current through a circuit containing a voltaic cell, occurs at the contact between the two metals. Volta did not consider the electrolyte, which was typically brine in his experiments, to be significant.
In 1842, Grove developed the first fuel cell (which he called the gas voltaic battery), which produced electrical energy by combining hydrogen and oxygen, and described it using his correlation theory. [3] In developing the cell and showing that steam could be disassociated into oxygen and hydrogen, and the process reversed, he was the first ...
The cell is the unit of structure, physiology, and organization in living things. [32] The cell retains a dual existence as a distinct entity and a building block in the construction of organisms. [32] By the 1860s, these tenets were the accepted basis of cell theory, used to describe the elementary anatomical composition of plants and animals. [3]
The authoritative work on the intellectual history of the voltaic cell remains that by Ostwald. [7] It was suggested by Wilhelm König in 1940 that the object known as the Baghdad battery might represent galvanic cell technology from ancient Parthia. Replicas filled with citric acid or grape juice have been shown to produce a voltage.
In 1885, at the age of 21, Yai invented a continuous electric clock powered by wet-cell batteries. Electrically-powered clocks already existed, but they had conventional spring-powered clockwork movements , with electricity used to wind up the spring, while Yai's was a breakthrough, powered directly by a battery he had made. [ 2 ]