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Entry to Kōsen Colleges of Technology and technical high schools is at age 15 years. The kōsen basically provide five-years of training (although most provide the succeeding two-year course as well). For the graduates, transferring tracks are provided to universities and graduate schools.
Most junior high schools in the 1980s were government-funded public schools; 5% were private schools. At ¥ 552,592 (US$5,035.01) per pupil, private schools had a per-student cost that was four times as high as public schools. [1] The minimum number of school days in a year is 210 in Japan, compared to 180 in the United States.
The senior high school will serve as a specialized upper secondary education where students may choose a course based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity. The choice of career track will define the content of the subjects a student takes in Grades 11 and 12. Senior high school subjects fall under either the core curriculum or specific ...
The second meaning is documents of certificate of graduation or deed of Graduation issued by the educational institutions, such as an elementary school, a junior high school, a high school, and a university, which testified that the recipient has successfully completed a particular course of study, or confers an academic degree. This is called ...
The University of Tokyo was founded as the nation's first university in 1877 by merging Edo-period institutions for higher education.. The modern Japanese higher education system was adapted from a number of methods and ideas inspired from Western education systems that were integrated with their traditional Shinto, Buddhist, and Confucianist pedagogical philosophies that served as the system ...
A typical Japanese high school classroom. Though upper-secondary school is not compulsory in Japan, 98.8% of all junior high school graduates enrolled as of 2020. [44] Upper secondary consists of three years. [45] Private upper-secondary schools account for about 55% of all upper-secondary schools.
Like the high school level, Japanese students must pass a standardized test to be accepted into a university. Most national universities employ a 4-scale grading system (only with A, B, C and F). Below-average students are given an F, and are encouraged to retake the same subject(s) in the following semesters.
Those universities offer vocational training as "the professional course" for those who have finished advanced special programs, either they are high school graduates or adults. High school graduates are offered 2,800 hours in two-year program. Tuition was JPY390,000 in 2012, on top of the entrance fee of JPY169,200. [2]