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2. Drilling fluid - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_fluid

   Oil- (and synthetic-oil-) based drilling fluids can be used to drill water-sensitive shales in areas with difficult drilling conditions. To add inhibition, emulsified brine phase ( calcium chloride ) drilling fluids are used to reduce water activity and creates osmotic forces to prevent adsorption of water by shales .

3. Oilfield scale inhibition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilfield_scale_inhibition

   Inhibition of calcium carbonate scale deposition and crystal studies of its polymorphs have been conducted. [14] [15] [16] Different SIs are designed for specific scaling conditions and biodegradability properties. [14] The inhibitor molecules essentially bind ions in aqueous phase of production fluids that could potentially precipitate as scales.

4. Mud weight - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud_weight

   In conventional drilling fluids, barite is used to increase the density. Although other additives such as halite (salt) or calcium carbonate can also be used. Mud weight can be decreased by dilution or solids control equipment such as an industrial centrifuge, desilter, desander and shale shaker . Mud weight use to control the trapped fluids or ...

5. List of additives used for fracking - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_additives_used_for...

   The differences between additives for fracking in different countries are the type of chemicals used (hazardous, non-hazardous), the disclosure of chemicals and the composition of fracturing fluid. In 2010, Halliburton announced the creation of food additive based hydraulic fracturing fluid in response to calls for transparency and demand for a ...

6. Calcium carbonate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate

   Calcium carbonate is used in the production of calcium oxide as well as toothpaste and has seen a resurgence as a food preservative and color retainer, when used in or with products such as organic apples. [58] Calcium carbonate is used therapeutically as phosphate binder in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. It is the most common form of ...

7. Abiogenic petroleum origin - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenic_petroleum_origin

   Calcium carbonate may decompose at around 500 °C (932 °F) through the following reaction: [24] Reaction 5: Hydrogen + calcium carbonate → methane + calcium oxide + water . 4 H 2 + CaCO 3 → CH 4 + CaO + 2 H 2 O. Note that CaO (lime) is not a mineral species found within natural rocks. Whilst this reaction is possible, it is not plausible.

8. Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ore deposits - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate-hosted_lead-zinc...

   Often the prospectivity of particular carbonate formations for lead-zinc deposits of this nature is first identified by core drilling by oil explorers. This concept of a cogeneration of hydrocarbons and precursor brines by the same process allows many lead-zinc explorers to use hydrocarbon basin models to predict if a carbonate sequence is ...

9. Calcium bromide - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_bromide

   Calcium bromide is the name for compounds with the chemical formula Ca Br 2 (H 2 O) x. Individual compounds include the anhydrous material (x = 0), the hexahydrate (x = 6), and the rare dihydrate (x = 2).