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An American Rotary Phase Converter with a Transformer. A phase converter is a device that converts electric power provided as single phase to multiple phase or vice versa. The majority of phase converters are used to produce three-phase electric power from a single-phase source, thus allowing the operation of three-phase equipment at a site that only has single-phase electrical service.
This three-wire single-phase system is common in North America for residential and light commercial applications. Circuit breaker panels typically have two live (hot) wires, and a neutral, connected at one point to the grounded center tap of a local transformer. Usually, one of the live wires is black and the other one red; the neutral wire is ...
A three-wire three-phase circuit is usually more economical than an equivalent two-wire single-phase circuit at the same line-to-ground voltage because it uses less conductor material to transmit a given amount of electrical power. [3] Three-phase power is mainly used directly to power large induction motors, other electric motors and other ...
Wiring schematic for a simplified bipolar-field Gramme-ring single-phase–to–direct-current rotary converter. (In actual use, the converter is drum-wound and uses a multipolar field.) [2] Wiring schematic for a simplified two-phase–to–direct-current rotary converter, with the second phase connected at right angles to the first [3] Wiring schematic for a simplified three-phase–to ...
Rotary phase converters are used to produce a single-phase for the single overhead conductor in electric railways. [ citation needed ] Five European countries ( Germany , Austria , Switzerland , Norway , and Sweden ), where electricity is three-phase AC at 50 Hz , have standardised on single-phase AC at 15 kV 16 + 2 ⁄ 3 Hz for railway ...
This allows one to choose single-phase AC power at either 110–120 volts between phase and neutral or 220–240 volts between phase and phase. Since these two modes do not need three phases there is also a dark yellow-orange four-pin connector available designed for a single-phase 110–120 or 220–240 volt load.
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The early Italian and Swiss systems used a low frequency (16 + 2 ⁄ 3 Hz), and a relatively low voltage (3,000 or 3,600 volts) compared with later AC systems. (However, both regenerative braking and 16 + 2 ⁄ 3 Hz were successfully implemented also for single-phase systems, like for the Swiss Ce 6/8 II and III "Crocodile" type.)