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The Works Constitution Act defines the conciliation committee in sections §76–76a. When a works council and an employer have a difference of opinion or legal dispute, there are usually two ways to legally escalate. The first is through labour court. The second is through an internal conciliation committee, which is not open to the public.
Corporate child care is a specific form of child care sponsored or managed by an employer. [1] It may be a perk or a part of the corporate social responsibility policy of the company. It can provide the working parents with an opportunity to find work–life balance .
In recent years with a decline in union membership, works councils have come to be seen as a way for unions to recruit members, specifically by having works councils campaign for people to join them. [12] In 2019, depending on sector, between 16% and 86% of employees worked at an employer with a works council. [13]
Trade unions in Germany wanted much more, [4] including the formalisation of works council members as union representatives, and the expansion of the Coal Co-Determination Act in all industries. The Works Constitution Act reserved 1/3rd of Supervisory Board seats for employee representatives, in contrast with 1/2 for the coal industry.
European Works Councils can be established in multinationals operative in more than two EEA countries if they pass a certain threshold of number of employees. Currently, the company (or the group of companies) needs to employ at least 1000 employees in the EEA and at least 150 employees in two member states.
In east Germany, however, it witnesses one of the highest female labor participation rate among European countries. As high as 85 per cent of adult women, including those with young kids, participate in labor market. For working mothers, there are several informal child care arrangements they could have.
B Waas, ‘Temporary Agency Work in Germany: Reflections on Recent Developments’ (2003) 19(3) International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 387; Books. M Weiss and M Schmidt, Labour Law and Industrial Relations in Germany (4th edn Kluwer 2008) A Junker, Grundkurs Arbeitsrecht (3rd edn 2004)
Occupational accident insurance was established in Germany by statute in 1884. [1] It is now a national, compulsory program that insures workers for injuries or illness incurred through their employment, or the commute to or from their employment. Wage earners, apprentices, family helpers and students including children in kindergarten are ...