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In music, the dynamics of a piece are the variation in loudness between notes or phrases.Dynamics are indicated by specific musical notation, often in some detail.However, dynamics markings require interpretation by the performer depending on the musical context: a specific marking may correspond to a different volume between pieces or even sections of one piece.
Libera me, Domine: homophonic, 18 bars, ending pianissimo on per ignem with a bare fifth Tremens fac : five-voice fugato , 23 bars, ending in homophonic fortissimo on Quando cœli Dies illa : 25 bars, in canon , with a variety of imitative textures, ending in homophonic fortissimo on Dum veneris
Elgar was insistent that the first entrance of this new subject be played religiously pianissimo without sacrificing the expression dictated. This subject is formed from the repetition of a two-bar theme through a sequence that builds from pianissimo to fortissimo. This then gives way to a slow, soft cello theme at rehearsal 11, featuring a ...
Following a broken-chords section filled with harmony changes, the main theme is restated in D major (pianissimo), the supertonic key of C major. Then a fortissimo and Beethoven's very common syncopations appear in the music giving a rhythm, this continues on to the resolution.
The piece then builds to a fortissimo with a canon of the first primary theme in the trumpets and trombones that is taken up by the whole orchestra. The excitement decays to pianissimo for what appears to be a peaceful conclusion, until a unison fortissimo statement of the second secondary theme closes the movement. [22]
Haydn's music contains many jokes, and the Surprise Symphony includes probably the most famous of all: a sudden fortissimo chord at the end of the otherwise piano opening theme in the variation-form second movement. The music then returns to its original quiet dynamic as if nothing has happened, and the ensuing variations do not repeat the joke.
As the final piece of the cycle, "Spleen" describes a pleading lover and the ultimate fragility of the relationship at stake. The accompaniment starts out slow (Lent) and pianissimo, ultimately building to a grand fortissimo. The piece ends with a molto rallentando, back to pianissimo and into the lyric "hélas !" ultimately signifying the rest ...
This is followed by a pianissimo restart in B ♭ (m. 73), which is when the A theme is heard again, leading to a full fortissimo statement in the tonic key of E ♭ (m. 93). Later, a downward arpeggio motif with sforzandos on the second beat is played twice in unison , first by the strings (mm. 115–119) and then by the full orchestra (mm ...