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As ammonium nitrate is a salt, both the cation, NH + 4, and the anion, NO − 3, may take part in chemical reactions. Solid ammonium nitrate decomposes on heating. At temperatures below around 300 °C, the decomposition mainly produces nitrous oxide and water: NH 4 NO 3 → N 2 O + 2 H 2 O. At higher temperatures, the following reaction ...
Country Location Date Deaths AN (tonnes) Notes United States Gibbstown, New Jersey : 14 January 1916: 1 1.81 In an evaporating pan of the Repauno works, du Pont Co., 1,800 kilograms (4,000 lb) of ammonium nitrate exploded, possibly caused by a clogged air lance leading to overheating of the nitrate. 1 man was killed and 12 were injured.
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction. Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a ...
The chemistry of ANFO detonation is the reaction of ammonium nitrate with a long-chain alkane (C n H 2n+2) to form nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water.In an ideal stoichiometrically balanced reaction, ANFO is composed of about 94.5% AN and 5.5% FO by weight.
The heating usually involves discharging of a capacitor (in the kV range) through a small volume (< 1 mL) of a conducting solution containing the molecule/reaction to be studied. In some versions of the apparatus used, the solution is heated instead by the output of a pulsed laser which emits in the near infra-red.
The integral heat of dissolution is defined as a process of obtaining a certain amount of solution with a final concentration. The enthalpy change in this process, normalized by the mole number of solute, is evaluated as the molar integral heat of dissolution. Mathematically, the molar integral heat of dissolution is denoted as:
All other proposed formation reactions have rate constants of between two and 13 orders of magnitude smaller, making their contribution to the abundance of ammonia relatively insignificant. [181] As an example of the minor contribution other formation reactions play, the reaction: H 2 + NH 2 → NH 3 + H. has a rate constant of 2.2 × 10 −15.
The reaction is written as: H 2 CO 3 → H 2 O + CO 2. Other carbonates will decompose when heated to produce their corresponding metal oxide and carbon dioxide. [5] The following equation is an example, where M represents the given metal: MCO 3 → MO + CO 2. A specific example is that involving calcium carbonate: CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2