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Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin , diarrhea , dementia , and sores in the mouth. [ 1 ] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [ 1 ]
Pellagra, a similar condition, is also caused by low nicotinamide; this disorder results in dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. [citation needed] Hartnup disease is a disorder of amino acid transport in the intestine and kidneys; otherwise, the intestine and kidneys function normally, and the effects of the disease occur mainly in the brain and ...
Goldsmith is best known for her research on nutritional deficiency diseases, B-complex vitamins, vitamin enrichment of foods, as well as pioneering nutritional training for medical students. [2] Goldsmith discovered the specific roles of dietary folic acid and vitamin B-12 and determined that niacin deficiency was the cause of pellagra .
A disease that was characterized by dermatitis of sunlight-exposed skin was described in Spain in 1735 by Gaspar Casal. He attributed the cause to poor diet. [47] In northern Italy it was named pellagra from the Lombard language (agra = holly-like or serum-like; pell = skin). [48] [49] In time, the disease was more closely linked specifically ...
A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B 3 in the diet. Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra, characterized by diarrhea, sun-sensitive dermatitis involving hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin (see image), inflammation of the mouth and tongue, delirium, dementia, and if left untreated, death. [7]
Deficiency causes pellagra, a reversible nutritional wasting disease characterized by four classic symptoms often referred to as the four Ds: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. The dermatitis occurs on areas of skin exposed to sunlight, such as backs of hands and neck.
Some physicians at the time believed that the disease arose in consequence of bad genes, airborne germs, or miasma resulting from poor sanitary conditions. [6] Goldberger's theory that pellagra was associated with diet contradicted the most widely accepted medical opinion that pellagra was an infectious disease.
The Casal collar or Casal necklace is a medical sign in which there is a redness and darkening of the skin around the neck, seen in people with pellagra. [2] It becomes prominent following exposure to sun, and can be itchy with a burning feeling and pain. [1] It can blister and weep, and turn into thick dark skin, with a coppery hue. [1]