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The base of skull, also known as the cranial base or the cranial floor, is the most inferior area of the skull. It is composed of the endocranium and the lower parts of the calvaria . Structure
The occipital bun pointed out on a Neanderthal skull. The occipital bun is a protuberance of the occipital bone. Its size and shape has been compared to that of a dinner roll. It is a quintessential trait of Neanderthals, though it is a trend in archaic Homo species. The true purpose of the occipital bun has not yet been defined. [3]
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into:
The suboccipital triangle is a region of the neck bounded by the following three muscles of the suboccipital group of muscles: Rectus capitis posterior major - above and medially; Obliquus capitis superior - above and laterally; Obliquus capitis inferior - below and laterally
The splenius capitis (/ ˈ s p l iː n i ə s ˈ k æ p ɪ t ɪ s /) (from Greek splēníon 'bandage' and Latin caput 'head' [1] [2]) is a broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from the vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. It is involved in movements such as shaking the head.
The obliquus capitis superior muscle (/ ə ˈ b l aɪ k w ə s ˈ k æ p ɪ t ɪ s /) is a small [citation needed] muscle in the upper back part of the neck. It is one of the suboccipital muscles . It attaches inferiorly at the transverse process of the atlas (first cervical vertebra) ; it attaches superiorly at the external surface of the ...
The occipital bone overlies the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. At the base of the skull in the occipital bone, there is a large oval opening called the foramen magnum, which allows the passage of the spinal cord. Like the other cranial bones, it is classed as a flat bone. Due to its many attachments and features, the occipital bone is ...
The clivus (/ ˈ k l aɪ v ə s /, [1] Latin for "slope") or Blumenbach clivus is a part of the occipital bone at the base of the skull. [2] It is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone. It slopes gradually to the anterior part of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone. It extends to the ...