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Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or plants by using other organisms. [1] It relies on predation , parasitism , herbivory , or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role.
Mosquito control is a vital public-health practice throughout the world and especially in the tropics because mosquitoes spread many diseases, such as malaria and the Zika virus. Mosquito-control operations are targeted to multiple problems: Nuisance mosquitoes bother people around homes or in parks and recreational areas;
Human disturbance of ecology ecological systems, particularly the development of monoculture and the movement of species tends to stimulate pest problems by reducing biodiversity which usually has natural controls that keep pest populations in line. Biological pest control does not seek to eradicate pests, but to keep them to economically ...
For conventional farms IPM can reduce human and environmental exposure to hazardous chemicals, and potentially lower overall costs. [citation needed] Risk assessment usually includes four issues: 1) characterization of biological control agents, 2) health risks, 3) environmental risks and 4) efficacy. [23]
[47] [48] Harming all manners of organic life with long term health issues such as cancer, rashes, blindness, paralysis, and mental illness. [47] An example is Lindane which was a commonly used insecticide in the 20th century. Long time exposure poses a serious threat to humans and the surrounding ecosystem.
Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control is a book by Roy M. Anderson and Robert May, Baron May of Oxford originally published in 1991 by Oxford University Press. It is a seminal text [citation needed] in the mathematical modelling of infectious disease. The book covers both microparasites and macroparasites of humans. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Residues can travel up the food chain; for example, birds can be harmed when they eat insects and worms that have consumed pesticides. [50] Earthworms digest organic matter and increase nutrient content in the top layer of soil. They protect human health by ingesting decomposing litter and serving as bioindicators of soil activity.
A biological hazard, or biohazard, is a biological substance that poses a threat (or is a hazard) to the health of living organisms, primarily humans. This could include a sample of a microorganism, virus or toxin that can adversely affect human health. A biohazard could also be a substance harmful to other living beings. [a]