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"Wax over shellac" (an application of buffed-on paste wax over several coats of shellac) is often regarded as a beautiful, if fragile, finish for hardwood floors. Luthiers still use shellac to French polish fine acoustic stringed instruments, but it has been replaced by synthetic plastic lacquers and varnishes in many workshops, especially high ...
Polyurethane water-based varnish: Transparent or paints, all sheens from 1% to 80% Excellent protection. Newer products (2009) also UV stable when noted Durable after a two-day curing period Safer than oil-based polyurethane, fewer volatile organic compounds: Easy. Applied with brush, roller or sprayer.
Varnish on wood stairs Varnished oak floor. Varnish is a clear transparent hard protective coating or film. It is not to be confused with wood stain. It usually has a yellowish shade due to the manufacturing process and materials used, but it may also be pigmented as desired. It is sold commercially in various shades.
French polishing a table. French polishing is a wood finishing technique that results in a very high gloss surface, with a deep colour and chatoyancy.French polishing consists of applying many thin coats of shellac dissolved in denatured alcohol using a rubbing pad lubricated with one of a variety of oils.
The two main types of lacquer are Asian, made with sap from the Urushi tree, and European, made with a variety of shellac and natural resins. Lacquer can be damaged by age, light, water, temperature, or damaged substrate. Conservation treatments include dry cleaning, wet cleaning, consolidation and filling losses.
Wood stain is a type of paint used to colour wood.It consists of colourants dissolved and/or suspended in a vehicle or solvent.Vehicle is the preferred term, as the contents of a stain may not be truly dissolved in the vehicle, but rather suspended, and thus the vehicle may not be a true solvent.
A Chinese six-pointed tray, red lacquer over wood, from the Song dynasty (960–1279), 12th–13th century, Metropolitan Museum of Art. Urushiol-based lacquers differ from most others, being slow-drying, and set by oxidation and polymerization, rather than by evaporation alone. The active ingredient of the resin is urushiol, a mixture of ...
Finishing the piece will require fine abrasive paper, always backed by a sanding block. Choices of sealers and finishes that can be applied include ordinary varnish, special varnishes, polyurethane (either oil or water based), wax, and French polish. Sand shading is a process used to make a picture appear to be more three-dimensional.
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