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1760 Map of Dai Viet kingdom: Đàng Ngoài (Tonkin) & Đàng Trong (Cochinchina). From the 16th to 18th century, the Vietnamese realm of Dai Viet after had been loomed by a series of civil wars and social unrest, was effectively partitioned into two semi-autonomous entities, Đàng Ngoài and Đàng Trong, ruled by the rivalry Trinh and Nguyen Phuc families on behalf of the Le Duy dynasty.
François-Jules Harmand (1845–1921), architect of the Treaty of Huế. The Treaty of Huế gave France everything it wanted from Vietnam. The Vietnamese re-recognised the legitimacy of the French colonial rule in Cochinchina, accepted a French protectorate both for Annam and Tonkin and promised to withdraw their troops from Tonkin.
The Treaty of Huế or Patenôtre Accords (Vietnamese: Hòa ước Giáp Thân 1884, or Hòa ước Patenotre, or Hòa ước Patơnốt) was a treaty concluded on 6 June 1884 between France and Đại Nam (Vietnam/Nguyễn dynasty).
The origin of the conflicts was back to the 15th century, when Vietnamese monarch Lê Thánh Tông (r. 1460 – 1497) started adopting the Ming-inspired Confucian reform over the country, [7] led the kingdom reached its height as a prosperity and regional superpower, its population expanded from 1.8 million in 1417 to 4.5 million people at the end of his reign.
Nguyễn Hoàng, another son of Nguyễn Kim, feared having a fate like his brother Nguyễn Uông so he pretended to have mental illness and asked his sister Ngoc Bao, who was a wife of Trịnh Kiểm, to entreat Kiểm to allow Hoàng to govern Thuận Hóa, the southernmost region of Vietnam at this time. [4]
The Battle of Thuận An (20 August 1883) was a clash between France and Vietnam during the period of early hostilities of the Tonkin Campaign (1883–1886). During the battle a French landing force under the command of Admiral Amédée Courbet stormed the coastal forts that guarded the river approaches to the Vietnamese capital Huế, enabling the French to dictate a treaty to the Vietnamese ...
Bombardment of Bien Hoa (16 December 1861) De Genouilly decided to abandon Danang to sail south for Saigon and the prosperous lower Mekong provinces-–the rice basket of Vietnam. He assembled 2,000 troops and 14 warships and embarked for Saigon, destroyed several Vietnamese forts and coastal guns in Vung Tau, reaching the city on 17 February 1859.
Kim's eldest son, Nguyễn Uông, was also assassinated in order to secure Trịnh Kiểm's authority. [4] Nguyễn Hoàng, another son of Nguyễn Kim, feared a fate like Nguyễn Uông's so he pretended to have mental illness. He asked his sister Ngoc Bao, who was a wife of Trịnh Kiểm, to entreat Kiểm to let Hoàng govern Thuận Hóa ...