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  2. Bow and warp of semiconductor wafers and substrates

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_and_warp_of...

    Warp is the difference between the maximum and the minimum distances of the median surface of a free, un-clamped wafer from the reference plane defined above. This definition follows ASTM F657, [ 2 ] and ASTM F1390.

  3. Machine taper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_taper

    Spindle nose on a lathe headstock. The small female taper is a Morse taper to take a lathe center or a tool such as a twist drill. The large male taper takes a lathe chuck, which is retained by the large nut. A machine taper is a system for securing cutting tools or toolholders in the spindle of a machine tool or power tool.

  4. Drawbar force gauge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawbar_Force_Gauge

    Drawbar force gauges allow early detection of problems with the spindle's Belleville spring stack, verification of performance of the clamping system as a whole, help prevent damage to spindle taper and other machine features critical to machining accuracy, and ultimately help to keep the machine operator safe.

  5. MSC Industrial Direct - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSC_Industrial_Direct

    MSC was founded in 1941 as Sid Tool, Inc., by Sidney Jacobson, in New York's Little Italy. It originally sold cutting tools and accessories to New York City machine shops. [3] The company later moved its headquarters to Plainview, New York.

  6. Automatic tool changer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Tool_Changer

    But if even more tools are required, then an ATC is needed. The tools are stored in a magazine. This allows the machine to work with a large number of tools without operator intervention. The main parts of an automatic tool changer are the base, the gripper arm, the tool holder, the support arm, and the tool magazines. [2]

  7. Bridgeport (machine tool brand) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgeport_(machine_tool...

    Machine tapers for tool holding included Morse tapers (on early models) and the R8 taper (a widely used standard that Bridgeport created) on most models. Both Morse and R8 allowed for both collets and solid holders, and a drill chuck could be held by either of the latter. Currently R8 and Erickson #30 Quick Change tool holders are available.

  8. Machine shop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_shop

    Modern machine shop workstation, 2009. A machine shop or engineering workshop is a room, building, or company where machining, a form of subtractive manufacturing, is done. In a machine shop, machinists use machine tools and cutting tools to make parts, usually of metal or plastic (but sometimes of other materials such as glass or wood).

  9. Drawbar (machine tool) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawbar_(machine_tool)

    The drawbar pull is an important component that allows the milling machine to keep the tool in place while it’s being used. The force from the drawbar pull supplied to the tool has to be just right because not enough force would cause the tool to wobble leading to inaccuracy, and too much force would apply excessive stress, leading to shorter tool life.