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The promoter region is a prime regulator of transcription. Promoter regions regulate transcription of all genes within bacteria. As a result of their involvement, the sequence of base pairs within the promoter region is significant; the more similar the promoter region is to the consensus sequence, the tighter RNA polymerase will be able to bind.
Antitermination in lambda is induced by two quite distinct mechanisms. The first is the result of interaction between lambda N protein and its targets in the early phage transcripts, and the second is the result of an interaction between the lambda Q protein and its target in the late phage promoter. We describe the N mechanism first.
Intrinsic terminator containing an RNA hairpin rich in guanine and cytosine as well as a region high in uracil. The two types of termination signals in bacteria are intrinsic and factor-dependent terminators. [4] Intrinsic termination occurs when a specific sequence on the growing RNA strand elicits detachment of RNA polymerase from the RNA-DNA ...
In eukaryotes, the 5′ flanking region has a complex set of regulatory elements such as enhancers, silencers, and promoters. The primary promoter element in eukaryotes is the TATA box. Other promoter elements found in eukaryotic 5′ flanking regions include initiator elements, downstream core promoter element, CAAT box, and the GC box. [1]
In bacteria such as E. coli, transcription is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or rho-independent process. In the Rho-dependent process, the rho-protein locates and binds the signal sequence in the mRNA and signals for cleavage. Contrarily, intrinsic termination does not require a special protein to signal for termination and is ...
Promoters are located near the transcription start sites of genes, upstream on the DNA (towards the 5' region of the sense strand). Promoters can be about 100–1000 base pairs long, the sequence of which is highly dependent on the gene and product of transcription, type or class of RNA polymerase recruited to the site, and species of organism ...
Inducible systems - An inducible system is off unless there is the presence of some molecule (called an inducer) that allows for gene expression. The molecule is said to "induce expression". The manner by which this happens is dependent on the control mechanisms as well as differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
In genetics, a transcription terminator is a section of nucleic acid sequence that marks the end of a gene or operon in genomic DNA during transcription. This sequence mediates transcriptional termination by providing signals in the newly synthesized transcript RNA that trigger processes which release the transcript RNA from the transcriptional ...