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[27] Removal of the gallbladder with surgery, known as a cholecystectomy, is the definitive surgical treatment for biliary colic. [28] A 2013 Cochrane review found tentative evidence to suggest that early gallbladder removal may be better than delayed removal. [29] Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy happens within 72 hours of diagnosis. [13]
If one or more gallstones block the bile ducts and cause bilirubin to leak into the bloodstream and surrounding tissue, jaundice and itching may also occur. In this case, liver enzyme levels are likely to be raised. [16] Often, gallbladder attacks occur after eating a heavy meal. Attacks are most common in the evening or at night. [17]
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...
Cholecystitis causes the gallbladder to become distended and firm. Distension can lead to decreased blood flow to the gallbladder, causing tissue death and eventually gangrene. [ 13 ] Once tissue has died, the gallbladder is at greatly increased risk of rupture (perforation), which can cause sharp pain.
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Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is an autoimmune disease of the liver. [1] [2] [3] It results from a slow, progressive destruction of the small bile ducts of the liver, causing bile and other toxins to build up in the liver, a condition called cholestasis.
Cholestatic pruritus is the sensation of itch due to nearly any liver disease, but the most commonly associated entities are primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, obstructive choledocholithiasis, carcinoma of the bile duct, cholestasis (also see drug-induced pruritus), and chronic hepatitis C viral infection and other forms of viral hepatitis.
Gallstones can cause obstructive jaundice (if a small stone goes down and blocks the bile duct), porcelain gallbladder and gallstone ileus. The usual treatment for gallstones is surgical removal of the gallbladder - cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a routine operation nowadays.