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A xerophyte (from Ancient Greek ξηρός (xērós) 'dry' and φυτόν (phutón) 'plant') is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water. Examples of xerophytes include cacti , pineapple and some gymnosperm plants.
Xerophyta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Velloziaceae.It was named in 1789 by de Jussieu. [1] [2] It is native to Africa, Madagascar, and the Arabian Peninsula.[3]
A xerophile (from Greek ξηρός : xērós 'dry' and φίλος : phílos 'loving') [1] is an extremophilic organism that can grow and reproduce in conditions with a low availability of water, also known as water activity.
Not all xerophytes are succulents, since there are other ways of adapting to a shortage of water, e.g., by developing small leaves which may roll up or having leathery rather than succulent leaves. [8] Nor are all succulents xerophytes, as plants such as Crassula helmsii are both succulent and aquatic. [9] The center rosette of Aloe polyphylla
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Raunkiær's life-form scheme has subsequently been revised and modified by various authors, [6] [7] [8] but the main structure has survived. Raunkiær's life-form system may be useful in researching the transformations of biotas and the genesis of some groups of phytophagous animals.
Lechenaultia divaricata. A tumbleweed is a structural part of the above-ground anatomy of a number of species of plants.It is a diaspore that, once mature and dry, detaches from its root or stem and rolls due to the force of the wind.
They usually have larger, thinner leaves compared to xerophytes, sometimes with a greater number of stomata on the undersides of leaves. Because of their lack of particular xeromorphic adaptations, when they are exposed to extreme conditions they lose water rapidly, and are not tolerant of drought.