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PPhysiography of the Valparaiso Moraine. Valparaiso Moraine at Mink Lake, north of Valparaiso, Indiana. The Valparaiso Moraine is a recessional moraine (a landform left by receding glaciers) that forms an immense U around the southern Lake Michigan basin in North America. It is a band of hilly terrain composed of glacial till and sand.
The Portage crossed waterways and wetlands between the Chicago River and the Des Plaines River, through a gap in the Valparaiso Moraine. In 1848, the water divide was breached by the Illinois and Michigan (I&M) Canal cutting through the portage, this was deepened and widened in 1900 by the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal which was also used to ...
Chicago Heights lies on the high land of the Tinley Moraine, with the higher and older Valparaiso Moraine lying just to the south of the city.. According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Chicago Heights has a total area of 10.30 square miles (26.68 km 2), of which 10.28 square miles (26.63 km 2) (or 99.87%) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km 2) (or 0.13%) is water.
Compared to the Valparaiso Moraine, the Tinley Moraine is much narrower and occupies a similar swath, about 6 miles (10 km) closer to Lake Michigan, and passes through the communities of Flossmoor, Western Springs, and Arlington Heights. The moraine was named after the village of Tinley Park, a village southwest of Chicago that lies on the moraine.
Drawing of Lake Chicago at the Glenwood Stage showing the Chicago area. The Michigan Lobe of the continental glacier had been growing and receding since 70,000 BCE. The glacier had been static along the Valparaiso Moraine for many years before it again began to recede northward. Around 12,000 BCE the glacier began receding north of the ...
Landscape elements include 1) the nearly level plains of a ground moraine, 2) eolian (wind driven deposits) plains, 3) outwash deposits, 4) the central river basin and 5) end moraines forming the north, middle and southern borders. Local relief varies from 60 feet (18 m) along the Iroquois Moraine, up to 100 feet (30 m) on the Valparaiso ...
Thorn Creek is a 20.8-mile-long (33.5 km) [2] tributary of the Little Calumet River that travels through Will and Cook counties in northeastern Illinois just south of Chicago. [1] It starts in the high land of the Valparaiso Moraine before dropping 200 feet (60 m) to the lower elevations of the Little Calumet River valley.
Chicago's present natural geography is a result of the large glaciers of the Ice Age, namely the Wisconsinan Glaciation that carved out the modern basin of Lake Michigan (which formed from the glacier's meltwater). The city of Chicago itself sits on the Chicago Plain, a flat plain that was once the bottom of ancestral Lake Chicago. This plain ...