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The northern border of the Kimak federation was the Siberian taiga, the eastern border was the Altai Mountains, the southern border was the lifeless steppe Bet Pak. The borders naturally protecting them from their enemies, the Kimaks lived undisturbed. Their neighbors were Karluks, Oguzes and Kyrgyzes.
[6] [7] Chinese histories only mentioned the Kipchaks a few times: for example, Yuan general Tutuha's origin from Kipchak tribe Ölberli, [8] or some information about the Kipchaks' homeland, horses, and the Kipchaks' physiognomy and psychology. [9] [10] [11] Kipchak-style helmet, 13th century
Abu Said Gardizi (d. 1061) wrote that the Kimak federation consisted of seven tribes: Yemeks (Ar. Yamāk < MTrk *Yemǟk or *(Y)imēk), Eymür, Tatars, Bayandur, Kipchak, Lanikaz and Ajlad. Later, an expanded Kimek Kaganate partially controlled the territories of the Oguz , Kangly , and Bagjanak tribes, and in the west bordered the Khazar and ...
The Cumans' language was a form of Kipchak Turkic and was, until the 14th century, a lingua franca over much of the Eurasian steppes. [141] [142] A number of Cuman–Kipchak–Arabic grammar glossaries appeared in Mamluk lands in the 14th and 15th centuries. It is supposed that the Cumans had their own writing system (mentioned by the historian ...
"The States of the Oghuz, the Kimek and the Kipchak". History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume IV: The Age of Achievement AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 61–76. ISBN 978-81-208-1595-7. Bosworth, C. E.; Clauson, Gerard (April 1965). "Al-Xwārazmī on the Peoples of Central Asia".
The Bayandur was one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, along with the Imur [3] /Imi, [4] Imak [3] [4] Tatar, Kipchak, Lanikaz and Ajlad. [5] The Kimek tribes originated in the Central Asian steppes, and had migrated to the territory of present-day Kazakhstan. [3] The Bayandur, as part of the Kimek, were mentioned by ...
The Crimean Khanate, [b] self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, [7] [c] and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, [d] was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441–1783, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde.
Stamp from Kazakhstan depicting Abul Khair Khan. The Kazakh Khanate (Kazakh: قزاق خاندیغی, Қазақ Хандығы, Qazaq Handyğy), in eastern sources known as Ulus of the Kazakhs, Ulus of Jochi, Yurt of Urus, [1] was a Kazakh state in Central Asia, successor of the Golden Horde existing from the 15th to the 19th century, centered on the eastern parts of the Desht-i Qipchaq.