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  2. Flame ionization detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_ionization_detector

    Most commonly, the FID is attached to a gas chromatography system. The eluent exits the gas chromatography column (A) and enters the FID detector’s oven (B). The oven is needed to make sure that as soon as the eluent exits the column, it does not come out of the gaseous phase and deposit on the interface between the column and FID.

  3. Gas chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography

    This combination is known as GC-MS-NMR-IR. It must, however, be stressed this is very rare as most analyses needed can be concluded via purely GC-MS. [citation needed] Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) represents the most recent development in gas chromatography detectors. Most chemical species absorb and have unique gas phase absorption cross sections ...

  4. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography–mass...

    GCMS is used for the analysis of unknown organic compound mixtures. One critical use of this technology is the use of GCMS to determine the composition of bio-oils processed from raw biomass. [29] GCMS is also utilized in the identification of continuous phase component in a smart material, magnetorheological (MR) fluid. [30]

  5. List of ISO 3166 country codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_3166_country_codes

    The sortable table below contains the three sets of ISO 3166-1 country codes for each of its 249 countries, links to the ISO 3166-2 country subdivision codes, and the Internet country code top-level domains (ccTLD) which are based on the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 standard with the few exceptions noted.

  6. Chromatography detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatography_detector

    A chromatography detector is a device that detects and quantifies separated compounds as they elute from the chromatographic column.These detectors are integral to various chromatographic techniques, such as gas chromatography, [1] liquid chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography, [2] and supercritical fluid chromatography [3] among others.

  7. Methanizer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanizer

    Methanizer is an appliance used in gas chromatography (GC), which allows the user to detect very low concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. It consists of a flame ionization detector, preceded by a hydrogenating reactor, which converts CO 2 and CO into methane CH 4. Methanizers contain a hydrogenation catalyst to achieve this ...

  8. Unresolved complex mixture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unresolved_Complex_Mixture

    Unresolved complex mixture (UCM), or hump, is a feature frequently observed in gas chromatographic (GC) data of crude oils and extracts from organisms exposed to oil. [1] The reason for the UCM hump appearance is that GC cannot resolve and identify a significant part of the hydrocarbons in crude oils. The resolved components appear as peaks ...

  9. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_quadrupole_mass...

    Unlike traditional MS techniques, MS/MS techniques allow for mass analysis to occur in a sequential manner in different regions of the instruments. [4] The TQMS follows the tandem-in-space arrangement, due to ionization, primary mass selection, collision induced dissociation (CID), mass analysis of fragments produced during CID, and detection ...