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A directory traversal (or path traversal) attack exploits insufficient security validation or sanitization of user-supplied file names, such that characters representing "traverse to parent directory" are passed through to the operating system's file system API.
HTTP header injection is a general class of web application security vulnerability which occurs when Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) headers are dynamically generated based on user input. Header injection in HTTP responses can allow for HTTP response splitting , session fixation via the Set-Cookie header, cross-site scripting (XSS), and ...
In computer security, a threat is a potential negative action or event enabled by a vulnerability that results in an unwanted impact to a computer system or application.. A threat can be either a negative "intentional" event (i.e. hacking: an individual cracker or a criminal organization) or an "accidental" negative event (e.g. the possibility of a computer malfunctioning, or the possibility ...
The purpose of threat modeling is to provide defenders with a systematic analysis of what controls or defenses need to be included, given the nature of the system, the probable attacker's profile, the most likely attack vectors, and the assets most desired by an attacker.
Exploits are not to be confused with vulnerabilities. An Exploit is an automated or manual attack that utilises the vulnerability. It is not a listing of a vulnerability found in a particular product for example. Follow-On Attacks; Follow-on attacks are any other attacks that may be enabled by this particular attack pattern.
Here, the code under attack is the code that is trying to check the parameter, the very code that might have been trying to validate the parameter to defend against an attack. [ 20 ] Any function that can be used to compose and run a shell command is a potential vehicle for launching a shell injection attack.
Vulnerability mitigation is measures that do not close the vulnerability, but make it more difficult to exploit or reduce the consequences of an attack. [44] Reducing the attack surface , particularly for parts of the system with root (administrator) access, and closing off opportunities for exploits to engage in privilege exploitation is a ...
The underlying vulnerability is a state management problem: shared state, race condition, ambiguity in use or plain unprotected modifications of state values. Session poisoning has been demonstrated in server environments where different, non-malicious applications (scripts) share the same session states but where usage differ, causing ...