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The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), also known as the European corn worm or European high-flyer, is a moth of the family Crambidae. It is a pest of grain, particularly maize ( Zea mays ). The insect is native to Europe, originally infesting varieties of millet , including broom corn .
The European potato failure was a food crisis caused by potato blight that struck Northern and Western Europe in the mid-1840s. The time is also known as the Hungry Forties . While the crisis produced excess mortality and suffering across the affected areas, particularly affected were the Scottish Highlands , with the Highland Potato Famine and ...
The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, is one of the biggest pests of maize in Asia, causing 10%-30% of yield losses in the field, and in some cases up to 80% yield loss. [7] These pests carry fungal pathogens (such as Bipolaris maydis and Curvularia lunata ) which cause diseases such as maydis leaf blight and curvularia leaf spot in the crop.
These changes are likely to lead to increased demand for irrigation water, particularly during the potato growing season. [155] Potatoes grow best under temperate conditions. [158] Temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F) have negative effects on potato crops, from physiological damage such as brown spots on tubers, to slower growth, premature ...
Trichobaris trinotata, commonly known as the potato stalk borer, is a species of weevil in the family Curculionidae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is found in North America where it is a pest of potato plants, the larvae tunnelling inside their stems.
Vascular infections primarily occur from wounds caused by stalk-boring insects, such as the larvae of the European corn borer, allowing for conidia to infect and colonize the xylem. [12] From this, anthracnose top die back (vascular wilt) or stalk rot can occur. In the fall, C. graminicola survives as a saprophyte on corn leaf residue. The ...
This was the 'New Leaf' potato, and it was removed from the market in 2001 due to lack of interest. [59] In 1996, genetically modified maize producing Bt Cry protein was approved, which killed the European corn borer and related species; subsequent Bt genes were introduced that killed corn rootworm larvae. [60]
Fertilizers are used to provide crops with additional sources of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, that promote plant growth and increase crop yields. While they are beneficial for plant growth, they can also disrupt natural nutrient and mineral biogeochemical cycles and pose risks to human and ecological health.