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  2. Atomic radii of the elements (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radii_of_the...

    Just as atomic units are given in terms of the atomic mass unit (approximately the proton mass), the physically appropriate unit of length here is the Bohr radius, which is the radius of a hydrogen atom. The Bohr radius is consequently known as the "atomic unit of length". It is often denoted by a 0 and is approximately 53 pm. Hence, the values ...

  3. Atomic radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radius

    The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atom, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost isolated electron. Since the boundary is not a well-defined physical entity, there are various non-equivalent definitions of atomic radius.

  4. Carbon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon

    Carbon (from Latin carbo 'coal') is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiting 4 electrons. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. [13] Carbon makes up about 0.025 percent of Earth's ...

  5. Carbon group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_group

    The atomic radii of the carbon group elements tend to increase with increasing atomic number. Carbon's atomic radius is 77 picometers, silicon's is 118 picometers, germanium's is 123 picometers, tin's is 141 picometers, and lead's is 175 picometers. [13]

  6. van der Waals radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_radius

    The van der Waals radius, r w, of an atom is the radius of an imaginary hard sphere representing the distance of closest approach for another atom. It is named after Johannes Diderik van der Waals, winner of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physics, as he was the first to recognise that atoms were not simply points and to demonstrate the physical consequences of their size through the van der Waals ...

  7. Atom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom

    This number was chosen so that if an element has an atomic mass of 1 u, a mole of atoms of that element has a mass close to one gram. Because of the definition of the unified atomic mass unit, each carbon-12 atom has an atomic mass of exactly 12 Da, and so a mole of carbon-12 atoms weighs exactly 0.012 kg. [65]

  8. Kinetic diameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_diameter

    The kinetic diameter is not the same as atomic diameter defined in terms of the size of the atom's ... r is the kinetic radius, ... Carbon dioxide: CO 2: 44: 330 [2 ...

  9. Bohr radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_radius

    The Bohr radius (⁠ ⁠) is a physical constant, approximately equal to the most probable distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state. It is named after Niels Bohr, due to its role in the Bohr model of an atom. Its value is 5.291 772 105 44 (82) × 10 −11 m. [1] [2]