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Albert Einstein (/ ˈ aɪ n s t aɪ n /, EYEN-styne; [4] German: [ˈalbɛʁt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] ⓘ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is best known for developing the theory of relativity. Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics.
Einstein, Albert (1956) [1922]. The Meaning of Relativity (5 ed.). Princeton University Press. The Meaning of Relativity Albert Einstein: Four lectures delivered at Princeton University, May 1921; How I created the theory of relativity Albert Einstein, 14 December 1922; Physics Today August 1982; Relativity Sidney Perkowitz Encyclopædia Britannica
Einstein sensed a conflict between Newtonian mechanics and the constant speed of light determined by Maxwell's equations. [6]: 114–115 Regardless of the historical and scientific issues described above, Einstein's early thought experiment was part of the repertoire of test cases that he used to check on the viability of physical theories.
Einstein's solution was to discard the notion of an aether and the absolute state of rest. In relativity, any reference frame moving with uniform motion will observe the same laws of physics. In particular, the speed of light in vacuum is always measured to be c , even when measured by multiple systems that are moving at different (but constant ...
In Einstein's theory, it turns out to be impossible to find a general definition for a seemingly simple property such as a system's total mass (or energy). The main reason is that the gravitational field—like any physical field—must be ascribed a certain energy, but that it proves to be fundamentally impossible to localize that energy.
The Meaning of Relativity: Four Lectures Delivered at Princeton University, May 1921 is a book published by Princeton University Press in 1922 that compiled the 1921 Stafford Little Lectures at Princeton University, given by Albert Einstein.
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Einstein formulated this relation by using the Riemann curvature tensor and the metric to define another geometrical quantity G, now called the Einstein tensor, which describes some aspects of the way spacetime is curved. Einstein's equation then states that =,