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Subcutaneous refers to the subcutaneous tissue, and emphysema refers to trapped air pockets. Since the air generally comes from the chest cavity , subcutaneous emphysema usually occurs around the upper torso , such as on the chest , neck , face , axillae and arms , where it is able to travel with little resistance along the loose connective ...
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity.The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.
During open surgery the surgeon exposes the peritoneal cavity to the ambient air. Exposure to ambient air results in evaporation and cooling. Current studies have shown that the use of surgical humidification during open abdominal surgery (laparotomy) have warmer core body temperatures and reduced risk of operative hypothermia.
Air trapping represents poorly aerated lung, but on its own is clinically benign. It is a common problem for smokers who dive. On diving the lung volume collapses and pushes air into the poorly aerated regions. On arising from a deep depth, these air-trapped areas of lung expand. This places great pressure on the lung tissue which can rupture. [3]
Immediately after surgery, a case of gossypiboma can commonly be mistaken for an abscess, especially when it is near a passage between organs (a "fistula"). In those cases where a sponge isn't discovered until much later, it may be impossible to tell the difference between gossypiboma and an "intra-abdominal abscess". [10]
Orbital emphysema (/ˈɔː(r)bɪt(ə)l ˌemfɪˈsiːmə/, also known as pneumo-orbit [8]) is a medical condition that refers to the trapping of air within the loose subcutaneous around the orbit that is generally characterized by sudden onset swelling and bruising at the impacted eye, with or without deterioration of vision, which the severity depends on the density of air trapped under the ...
However, it could easily be mistaken for free intra-abdominal air (pneumoperitoneum) which could mistakenly be attributed to bowel perforation. Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition when pain occurs due to transposition of a loop of large intestine (usually transverse colon ) in between the diaphragm and the liver , visible on plain abdominal ...
The Jackson-Pratt Drain (informally referred to as the "brain drain") was named after its inventors Drs. Fredrick E. Jackson (Chief, Department of Neurosurgical Surgery, Naval Hospital, Camp Pendleton, CA) and Richard A. Pratt (Naval Hospital, Camp Pendleton, CA). First publications mentioning this device appeared in 1971–1972. [6] [7]